1.Discuss the followinga)simple batch systems:-In simple batch system the most common i/p devices are card readers and tape drivers.Similarly the most common o/p devices are line printers and punched cards.The users of such system does not interact directly with the computer system.The memory layout 4 a simple batch system isOSUSER PROGRAM AREArather the user prepared a job which consisted of the program,the data and some control information abt the nature of the job and submitted it to the comp operator.The job could be usually in the form of punched cards.Disadvatages:-1.Lack of interaction b/w the jobs and users while the job is executing.2.There is a delay b/w the time at which job submitted and the time at which the output collected.These delays are because of involvement of 4 mechanical parts.b)Multi programmed batch systems:-In simple batch system there is only a single prgm will be executed every time and during this time the card reader is ideal and also it increases the time to read for the next job.Memory layout for this isOSProgram 1Program 2-----------Program n